Hari ini kamu tidak bisa kirim email ke Gmail? Apakah kamu sudah putus asa dan tidak menemukan solusi terbaiknya?
Hal ini sudah umum terjadi. Di aritkel ini kita akan coba ulas mengapa google melakukan blokir dan bagaimana solusi terbaik agar tidak terkena blokir kembali.
Gmail Blacklist
Biasanya kamu akan menemui error semacam ini.
421-4.7.0 unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect ourn421-4.7.0users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been temporarily 21-4.7.0 rate limited. Please visit http://www.google.com/mail/help/bulk_mail.n421 4.7.0 html to review our Bulk Email Senders Guidelines. l41si55243084eef.158 - gsmtp
Remote host said: 550-5.7.1 Our system has detected an unusual rate of unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been blocked. Please visit http://www.google.com/mail/help/bulk_mail.html to review our Bulk Email Senders Guidelines.</preGmail sends these messages when you are blacklisted; they do not send any notices regarding spam box placement.
Code error nya pun juga akan berbeda-beda. Jika kamu menemui error semacam itu, maka berikut kami coba berikan instruksi bagaimana cara menyelesaikannya.
Mengana Gmail blokir email kita ?
Sembelum kamu memperbaiki masalah, kamu harus mengerti masalah itu sendiri. Di sini kamu harus menjadi seperti detektif dan mengidentifikasi mengapa Gmail blokir email kamu. Kamu harus stop tingkah laku email yang menyebabkan Gmail blokir ip kamu, jika tidak maka selamanya kamu akan terblokir.
Mungkin kamu berkata, "Aku bukan spammer!", dan pihak Gmail berkata "Baik, tetapi kamu menyerupai spammer."
Umumnya Gmail blokir email dengan salah satu atau lebih alasan berikut :
- Kamu kirim email dalam jumlah banyak.
- Terdapat perubahan drastis dalam jumlah pengiriman email.
- Kamu kirim email ke alamat email yang dianggap spam.
- Kamu kirim email ke alamat email tak dikenal.
- IP address yang kamu gunakan masuk dalam katagori blacklist.
- Gmail user lain menganggap email kamu adalah spam.
- Menggunakan IP Address baru yang belum memiliki reputasi.
- Adanya kesalahan dalam setting DNS.
- Gagal melakukan Email authentication.
Kamu harus review email server logs untuk masalah-masalah diatas. Kamu harus stop tingkah laku aneh pengiriman email yang menyebabkan Gmail memblokir email kamu. Jika tidak maka selamanya kamu akan di blokir.
Gmail juga menangkap sinyal dari public blacklist seperti spamhaus, abuseat dan lainnya. Jika kamu menemukan IP kamu terblokir oleh karena public blacklist, maka segera request untuk dealist / removal dan cari tahu mengapa email server kamu mengirimkan email spam dan segera stop itu.
Alasan utama Gmail blacklist server kamu adalah karena security breach. Antara akun email kena hack atau aplikasi yang mengirimkan email spam.
Masalah security umum terjadi dan menjadi alasan kuat mengapa Gmail melakukan blokir. jadi sebelum request removal, pastikan kamu sudah :
- Review email server kapan blokir pertama terjadi.
- Pantau kiriman email yang mungkin menyerupai spam bot.
- Cek email account yang mungkin terkena hack.
- Cek aplikasi web yang juga memiliki potensial mengirimkan email spam.
Jika kamu tidak menemukan masalah security, mungkin bisa juga cek hal ini :
- Perubahan jumlah kiriman email
- Perubahan IP Address.
- User mungkin menggunakan fitur auto forwarding ke Gmail
Ketika kamu sudah mengerti tingkah laku spamming dan sudah mencegah / melakukan stop, maka kamu bisa persiapkan untuk submit request remove IP from Gmail Blacklist.
Authenticate Email
Dalam email kamu harus sudah aktifkan DNS Records :
- DKIM
- SPF
- DMARC (optional)
Jika kamu tidak aktifkan DKIM dan SPF, maka kamu harus aktifkan segera. Karena Gmail mewajibkan email yang dia terima harus memiliki SPF dan DKIM yang valid.
Tambahan lainnya, direkomendasi untuk aktifkan PTR (reverse DNS) record. Bahkan DMARC policy juga walaupun kamu set none.
Pelajari Gmail Best Practices
Gmail memiliki artikel sendiri yang cukup detail menjelaskan bagaimana cara mengirim email yang baik dan benar di https://support.google.com/mail/answer/81126?hl=en
Terutama jika kamu mengirim email ke Gmail dalam jumlah besar, maka disarankan pelajari Gmail Sender Guidlines tersebut.
Gmail Postmaster Tools adalah salah tools yang diciptakan Gmail untuk menyediakan metrics reputasi email, spam rate, feedback loop dan paramter lainnya dimana dapat membantu kamu dalam identifikasi adanya potensi spam.
Submit Gmail Blacklist Removal Form
Jika kamu sudah pastikan mengerti akar masalah mengapa kamu di blokir oleh Gmail dan masalah seperti email authentication dan permasalahan email spam sudah beres. Maka Gmail umumnya akan menghapus blacklist secara otomatis dalam waktu 3-5 hari. Setelah 5 hari jika kamu masi belum bisa kirim email ke Gmail, kamu mungkin bisa kontak Gmail support langsung ke https://support.google.com/mail/contact/gmail_bulk_sender_escalation
Kamu mungkin harus menjawab "no" kebanyakan pertanyaan agar menuju ke Sender Contact Form. Jika kamu jawab yes, maka Gmal akan menyarankan kamu menunggu.
Jangan kirim form ini berkali-kali. Umumnya kirim sekali dalam 2 minggu karena submit berkali-kali juga tidak akan menambah cepat proses removal.
Menunggu Gmail Blacklist Removal
Setelah submit form blacklist removal form, yang kamu lakukan hanyalah menunggu. Gmail tidak mengirimkan feedback apapun, sehingga disarankan kamu mencoba berkala beberapa hari kemudian.
Sangat direkomendasikan juga untuk monitor SenderScore, Public Blacklist dan Postmaster tools.
SenderScore menyediakan tracking reputasi IP dan volume kiriman email. Fix masalah spam, maka reputasi score IP akan meningkat.
Dihapus dari Gmail Blacklist
Biasanya memakan waktu satu minggu untuk proses removal. Jika sudah satu minggu tetap tidak bisa kirim email ke Gmail, mungkin terdapat problem email lainnya. Tetap tracking dan cek log email server dan pastikan DNS sudah ter-set dengan benar.
Beberapa kasus, spammer menyertakan SMTP server didalamnya. Mereka mengirim email langsung dan bypass sistem email kamu. Serangan semacam ini susah di identifikasi dan biasanya butuh analisa yang mendalam dengan network traffic.
Gmail Blacklist Error Codes
Mungkin kamu memerlukan referensi list error codes. Angkanya diantara 400-500 series error mengindikasi adanya masalah pengiriman email ke Gmail.
| 421, “4.4.5”, Server busy, try again later. |
| 421, “4.7.0”, IP not in whitelist for RCPT domain, closing connection. |
| 421, “4.7.0”, Our system has detected an unusual rate of unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been temporarily blocked. |
| 421, “4.7.0”, Temporary System Problem. Try again later. |
| 421, “4.7.0”, TLS required for RCPT domain, closing connection. |
| 421, “4.7.0”, Try again later, closing connection. This usually indicates a Denial of Service (DoS) for the SMTP relay at the HELO stage. |
| 450, “4.2.1” The user you are trying to contact is receiving mail too quickly. Please resend your message at a later time. If the user is able to receive mail at that time, your message will be delivered. For more information. |
| 450, “4.2.1”, The user you are trying to contact is receiving mail at a rate that prevents additional messages from being delivered. Please resend your message at a later time. If the user is able to receive mail at that time, your message will be delivered. For more information. |
| 450, “4.2.1”, Peak SMTP relay limit exceeded for customer. This is a temporary error. For more information on SMTP relay limits, please contact your administrator. |
| 451, “4.3.0”, Mail server temporarily rejected message. |
| 451, “4.3.0”, Multiple destination domains per transaction is unsupported. Please try again. |
| 451, “4.4.2”, Timeout – closing connection. |
| 451, “4.5.0”, SMTP protocol violation, see RFC 2821. |
| 452, “4.2.2”, The email account that you tried to reach is over quota. |
| 452, “4.5.3”, Domain policy size per transaction exceeded, please try this recipient in a separate transaction. This message means the email policy size (size of policies, number of policies, or both) for the recipient domain has been exceeded. |
| 452, “4.5.3”, Your message has too many recipients. For more information regarding Google’s sending limits. |
| 454, “4.5.0”, SMTP protocol violation, no commands allowed to pipeline after STARTTLS, see RFC 3207. |
| 454, “4.7.0”, Cannot authenticate due to temporary system problem. Try again later. |
| 454, “5.5.1”, STARTTLS may not be repeated. |
| 501, “5.5.2”, Cannot Decode response. |
| 501, “5.5.4”, HELO/EHLO argument is invalid. |
| 502, “5.5.1”, Too many unrecognized commands, goodbye. |
| 502, “5.5.1”, Unimplemented command. |
| 502, “5.5.1”, Unrecognized command. |
| 503, “5.5.1”, “EHLO/HELO first. |
| 503, “5.5.1”, MAIL first. |
| 503, “5.5.1”, RCPT first. |
| 503, “5.7.0”, No identity changes permitted. |
| 504, “5.7.4”, Unrecognized Authentication Type. |
| 530, “5.5.1”, Authentication Required |
| 530, “5.7.0”, Must issue a STARTTLS command first. |
| 535, “5.5.4”, Optional Argument not permitted for that AUTH mode. |
| 535, “5.7.1”, Application-specific password required. |
| 535, “5.7.1”, Please log in with your web browser and then try again. |
| 535, “5.7.1”, Username and Password not accepted. |
| 550, “5.1.1”, The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try double-checking the recipient’s email address for typos or unnecessary spaces. |
| 550, “5.2.1”, The email account that you tried to reach is disabled. |
| 550, “5.2.1”, The user you are trying to contact is receiving mail at a rate that prevents additional messages from being delivered. |
| 550, “5.4.5”, Daily sending quota exceeded. |
| 550, “5.4.5”, Daily SMTP relay limit exceeded for user. For more information on SMTP relay sending limits please contact your administrator. |
| 550, “5.7.0”, Mail relay denied. |
| 550, “5.7.0”, Mail Sending denied. This error occurs if the sender account is disabled or not registered within your G Suite domain. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Email quota exceeded. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Invalid credentials for relay. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Our system has detected an unusual rate of unsolicited mail originating from your IP address. To protect our users from spam, mail sent from your IP address has been blocked. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Our system has detected that this message is likely unsolicited mail. To reduce the amount of spam sent to Gmail, this message has been blocked. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, The IP you’re using to send mail is not authorized to send email directly to our servers. Please use the SMTP relay at your service provider instead. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, The user or domain that you are sending to (or from) has a policy that prohibited the mail that you sent. Please contact your domain administrator for further details. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Unauthenticated email is not accepted from this domain. |
| 550, “5.7.1”, Daily SMTP relay limit exceeded for customer. For more information on SMTP relay sending limits please contact your administrator. |
| 552, “5.2.2”, The email account that you tried to reach is over quota. |
| 552, “5.2.3”, Your message exceeded Google’s message size limits. |
| 553, “5.1.2”, We weren’t able to find the recipient domain. Please check for any spelling errors, and make sure you didn’t enter any spaces, periods, or other punctuation after the recipient’s email address. |
| 554, “5.6.0”, Mail message is malformed. Not accepted. |
| 554, “5.6.0”, Message exceeded 50 hops, this may indicate a mail loop. |
| 554, “5.7.0”, Too Many Unauthenticated commands. |
| 555, “5.5.2”, Syntax error. |
